Saturday, January 11, 2025

Levenson, Israel’s Day of Light and Joy (Eisenbrauns)

NEW BOOK FROM EISENBRAUNS:
Israel’s Day of Light and Joy

The Origin, Development, and Enduring Meaning of the Jewish Sabbath

Jon D. Levenson

“This is a masterful piece of scholarship. Levenson has somehow managed to combine a rigorous historical-critical analysis of the Sabbath with a theologically sensitive discussion of the meaning and value of the Sabbath as it has developed into the present day in a fresh, readable volume seasoned throughout with wit and good humor. I learned much reading this book. I highly recommend it for anyone who wants to understand the historical development of the Sabbath and its continuing value in a modern culture characterized by individualism, burnout, exhaustion, and (often) the loss of a sense of purpose and meaning.”—Jason Staples, author of Paul and the Resurrection of Israel: Jews, Former Gentiles, Israelites

$74.95 | Hardcover Edition
ISBN: 978-1-64602-271-7

$24.95 | Paperback Edition
ISBN: 978-1-64602-273-1

Available as an e-book

296 pages
6" × 9"
2024

Description

This book begins by exploring the mysterious origins of an institution so familiar that most of us never wonder where it came from—the seven-day week. Jon D. Levenson then focuses on the historical development of the Jewish Sabbath and the rich range of theological and ethical meanings it has acquired over the centuries.

Levenson evaluates the theory that the Hebrew word šabbāt derives from Akkadian and that the Sabbath may have begun as a day of ill omen, only later to be reinterpreted as the joyous festival that consummates the seven-day week. He explores the quasi-magical character of the number seven in ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean compositions and examines the revealing variation of the Sabbath commandment between the two biblical versions of the Decalogue in Exodus and Deuteronomy. He also treats sabbatical law in the Second Temple and rabbinic periods, critiquing contemporary efforts to extract a spirituality from the Sabbath that is divorced from larger questions of communal identity, normative practice, and religious affirmation. Levenson concludes by discussing modern challenges to Sabbath observance and the surprising prospects for its continuation.

Written by an eminent scholar in the field, this sophisticated inquiry bridges the gap between studies that explore the spiritual meaning of Jewish Sabbath observance and those that focus strictly on the history of the tradition. It will appeal to a wide audience of academics and lay readers.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Friday, January 10, 2025

What did ancient Palestinian Jews eat?

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: What Did People Eat and Drink in Roman Palestine? Exploring the ancient Jewish diet (Megan Sauter).

This essay summarizes a BAR article by Susan Weingarten which is behind the subscription wall. They essay was published in 2019, but this is the first time I have linked to it.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Studia Orientalia Electronica

THE AWOL BLOG: Open Access Journal: Studia Orientalia Electronica.

I have mentioned this open-access electronic journal before. It has been running since 2013. But it's worth another mention. It has published quite a few articles relevant to ancient Judaism.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Some "Basilidian" lead codices

VARIANT READINGS: A Fake Lead “Codex” in Rome? (Brent Nongbri).

These "Basilidian" codices (one extant, two lost) seem to be unrelated to the Jordanian lead codices. But the Basilidian lead books are developed along similar lines: bound pages inscribed with images and mostly gibberish text. The text is mostly in a mixed Greek script, whereas the texts of the Jordanian codices are in Greek and mixed paleo-Hebrew scripts. And yes, all indications are that the Baslidian codices are fakes of the seventeeth or eighteenth centuries.

The concept has been around for some centuries. Some other inscribed lead books were found in the sixteenth century in Granada (Sacromonte), Spain. They consist of round leaves inscribed in Latin, Arabic, and Castilian. They claimed to be prophecies from the first century CE. They are obscure in various ways, but rather more coherent than the Basilidian and the Jordanian codices. Nevertheless, they are contemporary forgeries.

Brent links to my detailed evaluation of the Jordanian lead codices in a four-post PaleoJudaica series from 2017. I have nothing to add to it. The link is here. Part 4 mentions the lead books from Granada, with links.

UPDATE (16 January): I see that the lead books from Granada also come up in this post.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Thursday, January 09, 2025

Doering & Cover (eds.), Philo of Alexandria and Philosophical Discourse (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, open access)

THE AWOL BLOG: Philo of Alexandria and Philosophical Discourse.

Notice of a New Book: Lutz Doering & Michael Cover (eds.). Philo of Alexandria and Philosophical Discourse. eISBN 978-3-666-50097-8. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 2024. Open Access.

A link to the whole volume is here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Child sacrifice and the Carthage tophet teeth

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: At Carthage, Child Sacrifice? Tell-tale remains from Carthage Tophet point to child sacrifice (Robin Ngo).

Looks like this essay was published in 2014, but I didn't link to it then. Unusually, the full text of the BAR article by Patricia Smith which it summarizes is also available for free. It adds to the discussion and is worth reading.

PaleoJudaica has been posting on the debate about child sacrifice in ancient Carthage (and in ancient Israel) for a long time. See here, where I go over the issues. Follow the links from there and see also here, here, and here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The Euphrates papyri

THE FACES AND VOICES BLOG: Destination unknown: The dispersion of the Euphrates papyri through the market (Roberta Mazza).
Readers of this blog and my book know that I am not a techy professor but I like old fashioned social media (“boomer!” my nephews say…), and so, while everyone was busy following the millionaire sale of an unprovenanced Samaritan inscription through Sotheby’s, I discovered by chance that some very well-known papyri most probably from Syria went on auction through Drouot. One of the buyers made his acquisitions known through his Facebook account.

[...]

I didn't know about these third-century CE Greek and Syriac papyri. They are unprovenanced. Apparently they were found in the vicinity of Dura Europos, possibly in the 1960s or 1980s. Roberta Mazza has background and some questions about the circumstances of their export from Syria.

For that recently sold, unprovenanced, Samaritan Decalogue inscription, see here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Wednesday, January 08, 2025

Ross & Lanier, Septuaginta: An Abridged Reader’s Edition (Hendrickson)

THE SEPTUAGINTA &C. BLOG: BOOK ANNOUNCEMENT: AN ABRIDGED SEPTUAGINT READER (William A. Ross).
Because the full reader’s edition is so huge (over 3,000 pages in two volumes), it’s on the more expensive side of things and not at all convenient to carry around. My editor Greg Lanier and I tossed around the idea of an abridged version for a while to help offset these issues, and now it’s done.
Good! Hendrickson's page for the book is here.

For lots more on the original, much larger, Septuaginta: A Reader's Edition, see here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Guide to ethnographic passages in Dio Cassius

ETHNIC RELATIONS AND MIGRATION IN THE ANCIENT WORLD: Guide to Dio Cassius (Philip Harland).

Includes a section with some of Dio's passages on the Judeans.

For more on this blog, see here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Review of Longenecker & Wilhite, The Cambridge history of ancient Christianity

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: The Cambridge history of ancient Christianity.
Bruce W. Longenecker, David E. Wilhite, The Cambridge history of ancient Christianity. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2023. Pp. 725. ISBN 9781108427395.

Review by
Timothy M. Teeter, Georgia Southern University. tmteeter@georgiasouthern.edu

I noted the publication of the book here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Tuesday, January 07, 2025

Samaritan books at the Rylands Library

THE RYLANDS BLOG: The Samaritans and their books. The John Rylands Research Institute and Library has a large collection of Samaritan manuscripts some of which are now available online. This blog offers you a brief introduction into the little-known world of the Samaritans and the books (Zsofia Buda).

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Tony Burke's Regensburg Year: December

THE APOCRYPHICITY BLOG: My Regensburg Year Part 5: December 2024

Tony Burke is on research sabbatical for the 2024-25 academic year at the University of Regensburg in Germany.

For earlier posts in the series and more on Tony's work, see the links collected here (cf. here). And one with the full text of a paper he presented last month is noted here.

Cross-file under New Testament Apocrypha Watch.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Albrecht & Kratz (eds.), Editing the Greek Psalter (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, open access)

THE AWOL BLOG: Editing the Greek Psalter.

Notice of a New Book: Felix Albrecht & Reinhard Gregor Kratz (eds.), Editing the Greek Psalter. eISBN 978-3-666-56094-1. ISBN 978-3-666-56094-1. pages 671. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, eLibrary. Open access.

Follow the link for links to the downloadable text.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Monday, January 06, 2025

Late-antique monastery and inscribed mosaic excavated near Kiryat Gat

ARCHAEOLOGY: Byzantine-era monastery mosaic discovered in southern Israel. “Blessed are you when you come in and blessed are you when you go out” (Deuteronomy 28:6), is inscribed in ancient Greek on the mosaic floor (JNS).
The monastery’s colorful mosaic floor features crosses, lions, doves, an amphora (a ceramic maritime shipping jug), flowers and geometric patterns. The biblical inscription in Greek is set in its center.
The article has photos and a link to an IAA YouTube video.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Israeli rabbi seeks assurances about Jobar Synagogue etc.

AFTER ASSAD, CONTINUED: Julani asked to protect historic Syrian synagogue in Syria by Israeli rabbi. Rabbi Binyamin Hamra, son of the late Rabbi Avraham Hamra, appealed to Julani to protect the country’s Jewish community and preserve its historic sites, including the Jobar Synagogue (Jerusalem Post).

It's worth asking. A positive reply would be welcome.

Background here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Burke on defining "Christian Apocrypha"

THE APOCRYPHICITY BLOG: (Too Far) Beyond Canon: Has the Re-defining of “Christian Apocrypha” Lost Its Way? (Tony Burke).
I’d like to focus today on the parameters of our field, on deciding what texts we study, whether we call them apocryphal, noncanonical, or parabiblical. That is an area in which I have experience, not from writing about the problem, but from having to make choices in several projects about what texts to include or not to include and provide justification for doing so. For the most part I have argued for a broad definition—the more texts the better—but have recently become concerned that this approach may be too unwieldy, that our space outside the canon has become too crowded, that perhaps we have wandered too far beyond the canon and lost our way.
The question of definition of terms has certainly come up for the Old Testament pseudepigrapha. It came up in the 2013 SBL review of Old Testament Pseudepigrapha: More Noncanonical Scriptures, volume 1, and I posted my comments on it here (scroll down to the update).

I stand by my comments there. It's good to keep in mind that words are not things. They can never perfectly represent reality. There will never be a perfect term for those amalgamations of texts that we clumsily call Old Testament pseudepigrapha or Christian apocrypha. It is more important that a definition be useful than it be precise. A vague definition can sometimes be more useful than an overly precise one.

It is interesting and informative to follow Tony wrestling with these challenges.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.