Tuesday, October 06, 2020

Eberhard Bons – HTLS interview

WILLIAM ROSS: HTLS VOLUME 1: AN INTERVIEW WITH EBERHARD BONS.

For more on the Historical and Theological Lexicon of the Septuagint see here and links. For notice of Dr. Ross's previous interviews with Septuagint scholars, see here and links.

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Burke lecture on "Lost Gospels"

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: BAF/BASONOVA Lecture: ”Lost Gospels” and Other Christian Apocrypha.
Please reserve your BAF / BASONOVA Zoom Lecture spot

Wednesday, October 7, 2020 at 7:30 pm EST via Zoom

”Lost Gospels” and Other Christian Apocrypha: New Discoveries and New Perspectives

Tony Burke, York University
Follow the link for details. Cross-file under New Testament Apocrypha Watch.

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Isaiah and the Twelve (ed. Bautch et al.)

NEW BOOK FROM DE GRUYTER:
Isaiah and the Twelve / Jesaja und die Zwölf

Parallels, Similarities and Differences


Series: Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 527
Edited by: Richard J. Bautch, Joachim Eck, and Burkard M. Zapff
De Gruyter | 2020

From £79.00

DETAILS
Language: English, German
Format: 23.0 x 15.5 cm
Pages Roman: VI
Pages Arabic: 281
Tables BW: 12
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2020
Keywords: History of redaction; Motives in the Old Testament; Isaiah; Book of Twelve
Audience: Alttestamentler/-innen, Theolog/-innen, Wissenschaflter/-innen, die zum Jesaja- und Zwölfprophetenbuch arbeiten

FORMATS
Hardcover
ISBN: 978-3-11-070573-7
Published: 21 Sep 2020

PDF
ISBN: 978-3-11-070579-9
Published: 21 Sep 2020

EPUB
ISBN: 978-3-11-070588-1
Published: 21 Sep 2020

OVERVIEW
Die Frage der Beziehung zwischen dem Jesajabuch und dem Buch der Zwölf Propheten ist angesichts vielfältiger Berührungen sprachlicher und motivischer Art zentral, jedoch hinsichtlich der damit verbundenen möglichen Implikationen bislang nur ungenügend bearbeitet.

Im Rahmen eines internationalen Kongresses, der vom 31.Mai bis 3.Juni 2018 an der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt stattfand, suchten Fachleute des Zwölfprophetenbuches bzw. des Jesajabuches mit unterschiedlichen methodischen Ansätzen ein umfassenderes Bild der verschiedenen Arten von Beziehungen oder thematischen Berührungen zu erarbeiten, die entweder für die beiden Corpora als ganze oder für spezifische Teile beider charakteristisch sind, um daraus entsprechende Schlussfolgerungen zu ziehen. Das Ergebnis ist ein Überblick zur Vielfalt der semantischen, intertextuellen, literarischen, redaktionellen, historischen und theologischen Aspekte der Beziehungen zwischen dem Jesajabuch und dem Zwölfprophetenbuch, die einlinigen Lösungsvorschlägen zur Erklärung des Zustandekommens dieser Bezüge widerstreiten.

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Monday, October 05, 2020

James Sanders, 1927-2020

SAD NEWS: Word has come in via Facebook and the Agade list that James A. Sanders passed away on 1 October 2020. He published widely in biblical studies and was well known for his editio princeps of the Great Psalm Scroll (11Q5) from Qumran.

Requiescat in pace.

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The Gamla synagogue on video

THIS VISITING GAMLA YouTube video by John DeLancey has some excellent footage of the ruins of the first-century Gamla synagogue in the first six minutes or so. I don't endorse the commentary (see below), but the synagogue footage is good. HT the Bible Places Blog.



It is possible that Jesus preached at this synagogue, but we have no positive evidence that he did.

The site of Gamla is of interest for other reasons. Past posts on its synagogue are here, here, and here. Posts dealing with Josephus' account of the fall of Gamla during the Great Revolt are here and here. And other posts involving Gamla are here, here, here, here, and here.

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Scripta Classica Israelica

THE AWOL BLOG: Open Access Journal: Scripta Classica Israelica. I have mentioned this journal before, but this AWOL post will give you the link to the whole thing.

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Miqṣat Ma῾aśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT)

NEW BOOK FROM MOHR SIEBECK: Interpreting and Living God's Law at Qumran.Miqṣat Ma῾aśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT). Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays by Jonathan Ben-Dov, John J. Collins, Lutz Doering, Jörg Frey, Charlotte Hempel, Reinhard G. Kratz, Noam Mizrahi, Vered Noam, Eibert Tigchelaar. 2020. XI, 249 pages. Scripta Antiquitatis Posterioris ad Ethicam REligionemque pertinentia XXXVII. 79,00 € including VAT. cloth ISBN 978-3-16-155305-9.
Published in English.
The text Miqṣat Ma῾aśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT), is one of the most interesting texts among the famous Dead Sea Scrolls discovered near the settlement of Khirbet Qumran and its vicinity in the middle of the twentieth century and by now published in full. It is a writing in the form of a letter by an unknown author to an equally unknown addressee, written in second person singular and plural. This document is the earliest evidence of a proper interpretation of the Jewish Torah, the so-called Halakhah, from pre-Christian, Hellenistic times as it later became customary and widely attested in rabbinical Judaism. This volume – after a short introduction on the findings at the Dead Sea in general and the text Miqṣat Ma῾aśe Ha-Torah in particular – provides a new edition and translation as well as several contributions from renowned scholars on the manuscripts, the language and content plus literary and historical contexts of this writing.

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Sunday, October 04, 2020

Versnel, Coping With the Gods (pbk)

NOW IN PAPERBACK FROM BRILL:
Coping With the Gods

Wayward Readings in Greek Theology


Series: Religions in the Graeco-Roman World, Volume: 173
Author: Henk Versnel

Inspired by a critical reconsideration of current monolithic approaches to the study of Greek religion, this book argues that ancient Greeks displayed a disquieting capacity to validate two (or more) dissonant, if not contradictory, representations of the divine world in a complementary rather than mutually exclusive manner. From this perspective the six chapters explore problems inherent in: order vs. variety/chaos in polytheism, arbitrariness vs. justice in theodicy, the peaceful co-existence of mono- and polytheistic theologies, human traits in divine imagery, divine omnipotence vs. limitation of power, and ruler cult. Based on an intimate knowledge of ancient realia and literary testimonia the book stands out for its extensive application of relevant perceptions drawn from cultural anthropology, theology, cognitive science, psychology, and linguistics.

Prices from (excl. VAT): €52.00

E-Book (PDF)
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-21090-5
Publication Date: 10 May 2011

Hardback
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-20490-4
Publication Date: 10 May 2011

Paperback
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-43648-0
Publication Date: 27 Aug 2020
I didn't note this book when it was first published in 2011, so now is a good time.

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Bibliography for Dreams of Antiquity (2.0)

THE AWOL BLOG: Dreams of Antiquity 2.0: Bibliographische Online-Datenbank zu Träumen und Visionen in der Antike. Among many other things, this database includes lots of bibliography on dreams and ancient Judaism.

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Notes on a Silk Road SBL session

RELIGION PROF: Silk Road at #AARSBL19 (James McGrath).
I took notes in the Traditions of Eastern Late Antiquity session focused on the Silk Road. I apologize for not sharing them sooner, but once again hope they may come at a time when other academics are dismayed at so many conferences being cancelled or shifted to online, that you may take some small comfort from being afforded a glimpse of a session you perhaps missed in San Diego.
Cross-file under Manichean Watch (Manichaean Watch).

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Armstrong & Mcosker, Philodemus, On Anger

NEW BOOK FROM SBL PRESS:
Philodemus, On Anger
David Armstrong, Michael Mcosker

ISBN 9781628372694
Status Available
Price: $44.00
Binding Paperback
Publication Date September 2020
Pages 320

The first English translation of On Anger

This latest volume in the Writings from the Greco-Roman World series provides a translation of a newly edited Greek text of Philodemus’s On Anger, now supplemented with the help of multispectral imaging. As our sole evidence for the Epicurean view of what constitutes natural and praiseworthy anger as distinguished from unnatural pleasure in vengeance and cruelty for their own sake, this text is crucial to the study of ancient thought about the emotions. Its critique of contemporary Stoic and Peripatetic theories of anger offers crucial new information for the history of philosophy in the last two centuries BCE. The introduction and commentary also make use of newly revised texts and readings from several other ancient treatises on anger.

Features
  • An apparatus representing work on the text since the papyrus was opened in 1805
  • A full explication of the Epicurean theory of natural anger as an emotion without pleasure
  • One of the Herculaneum papyri that survived the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE
The work of Philodemus is not of direct interest to PaleoJudaica. But I note it because it was recovered from the carbonized Herculaneum library, which was incinerated during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE. The text was recovered with the help of multispectral-imaging.

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Saturday, October 03, 2020

BMCR review of Fournet, The rise of Coptic

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: The rise of Coptic: Egyptian versus Greek in late antiquity.
Jean-Luc Fournet, The rise of Coptic: Egyptian versus Greek in late antiquity. The Rostovtzeff lectures. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2020. 224 p. ISBN9780691198347 $45.00.

Review by
Matthew Westermayer, Cornell University. mrw288@cornell.edu

... This study is sorely needed for Coptic studies, which many have bemoaned as lacking even the most rudimentary achievements of contemporary Greek, Latin, and Syriac papyrology and linguistics. ...
For another review, see here. Cross-file under Coptic Watch.

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Ehsani Chombeli, Moses and Garšāsp, Ardašīr and Herod

BIBLIOGRAPHIA IRANICA: Moses and Garšāsp. Notice of a New Book: Ehsani Chombeli, Azadeh. 2020. Moses and Garšāsp, Ardašīr and Herod: Narratives of the Babylonian Talmud in their Iranian context (Zoroastrian Studies Series 5). Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers. Follow the link for publisher's blurb and ordering information.

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Proceedings volume: The Ancient Throne

THE AWOL BLOG: The Ancient Throne. The Mediterranean, Near East, and Beyond, from the 3rd Millennium BCE to the 14th Century CE: Proceedings of the Workshop held at the 10th ICAANE in Vienna, April 2016. New Book edited by Liat NAEH - Dana BROSTOWSKY GILBOA.

A couple of the articles look to be of interest for biblical and West Semitic royal ideologies.

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Alouf-Aboody, Through the Prism of Wisdom

NEW BOOK FROM GORGIAS PRESS:
Hilla Alouf-Aboody

Through the Prism of Wisdom

Elijah the Prophet as a Bearer of Wisdom in Rabbinic Literature


Series: Judaism in Context, 23
Gorgias Press | 2020

£147.00 PDF

Language: English
Pages Arabic: 572
Publisher: Gorgias Press
Year: 2020
Audience: College/higher education;

FORMATS
PDF
ISBN: 978-1-4632-4131-5
Published: 07 Sep 2020

OVERVIEW
Elijah the prophet’s role in rabbinic literature is a variegated one that encompasses both his role in the messianic era as well as his non-messianic appearances in rabbinic legends. In this work these different roles are explored through the prism of the wisdom tradition. The three stands of wisdom—the Torah-Centered wisdom tradition, the Apocalyptic-Centered wisdom tradition, and the Spirit-Centered wisdom tradition, as enumerated by Cornelis Bennema—serve as a guide in understanding the complex nature of wisdom and its influence on the Elijah legends. The kaleidoscopic and often disparate Elijah traditions can be viewed as a result of complex developments in the study of wisdom and its evolution in Second Temple literature. The nexus of ideas which include the evolution of Torah as wisdom, the merging of wisdom and apocalyptic, and the role of ‘divine spirit’ in attaining wisdom, link Elijah’s messianic role with his depiction in different rabbinic legends. This study demonstrates that the role of Elijah in the messianic era as a teacher of wisdom is a direct result of the messianic expectations of the Second Temple era in which wisdom elements informed the eschatological expectations of a messianic teacher in the End of Days. Furthermore, Elijah’s messianic role as teacher impacted the development of Elijah in rabbinic legends as a bearer of wisdom, as well as a mediator of divine wisdom in an era grappling with the loss of Temple and prophecy. One of the mediums through which these ideas were carried into the rabbinic period was the pietists, ḥasidim, who resembled the holy men of Late Antiquity. These pietists were connected with the Spirit-Centered wisdom tradition in Second Temple texts as well as rabbinic literature. It will be demonstrated that their role was integral to the development of the Elijah traditions and the dissemination of wisdom and pietistic ideas in rabbinic literature. This work will illustrate that the Elijah traditions in rabbinic literature were an outgrowth of the numerous evolutions in wisdom and apocalyptic thought during the Second Temple era. These developments can explain the variegated nature of the Elijah traditions which reflect his role as a teacher of the Law, a mediator of divine secrets, and a conduit for divine inspiration.

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Friday, October 02, 2020

Sukkot 2020

THE FESTIVAL OF SUKKOT (BOOTHS, TABERNACLES) begins tonight at sundown. Best wishes to all those observing it.

Last year's Sukkot post was here (plus here). For the biblical background to Sukkot, see here and here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Estes on the Tree of Life

THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST TODAY: The Tree of Life (Douglas Estes).
Although the tree of life concept comfortably inhabits the world around us—from movies to coffee shops, scientific paradigms to tarot cards—the impact exceeds its scarce mention in the earliest ancient Near Eastern, Hebrew, and Christian texts.
I noted Professor Estes's new book with the same title here.

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Qoheleth as meditative chanting?

PROF. RABBI TZVEE ZAHAVY: Kohelet: An Israelite Form of Meditation (TheTorah.com).
Ecclesiastes is a cynical reflection on life’s futility. The constant sonorous repetition, visualizations, and references to breath serve as a sustained meditation to help free the reader’s soul from the agonizing struggle of life.

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Biblical Studies Carnival 175

BRENT NIEDERGALL: Biblical Studies Carnival 175 for September 2020. Written in Dr. Seuss poetry. That's a first.

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Thursday, October 01, 2020

The rabbi's tomb, the court case, and the children's book

ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE AND CHILDREN'S LITERATURE: A missing rabbi, an empty tomb and a caper with the Angel of Death, now for kids. The mysterious tale of 3rd century rabbi Yehoshua Ben Levi is recounted in a new book from illustrator Avi Katz, with help from an American poet and a rogue dig in the Galilee (Jessica Steinberg, Times of Israel).

I followed the controvery and court case over R. Yehoshua Ben Levi's tomb at the time. See here, here, here, and here. I never heard the outcome of the case. I'm glad that it seems to have been resolved amicably.

For notice of a scholarly article on R. Yehoshua, see here. For commentary on some of the Talmudic stories about him, see here, here, and here. As noted in that last post, you can read a couple of versions of a story about him in Helen Spurling's excellent translation of "Hebrew Visions of Hell and Paradise" in Old Testament Pseudepigrapha: More Noncanonical Scriptures volume 1 (MOTP1).

Cross-file under Epigraphy and Aramaic Watch.

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AI Nero Redivivus?

DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION: AI 'resurrects' 54 Roman emperors, in stunningly lifelike images (Mindy Weisberger, Live Science/MSN).
Ancient Roman emperors' faces have been brought to life in digital reconstructions; the unnervingly realistic image project includes the Emperors Caligula, Nero and Hadrian, among others.
The only images I looked at closely on Mr. Voshart's website were those of the Principate Emperors. I have to say they each look uncannily like what I would have expected.

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Bond on Mark's Gospel as a biography of Jesus

THE BIBLE AND INTERPRETATION:
Mark’s Gospel as the First Biography of Jesus – and 10 reasons why it matters

Although our author may have drawn on a variety of sources of varying historical accuracy, he would doubtless have been selective in what he included and would not have been slow to embellish an augment or an anecdote in the interests of his broader narrative and theological interests. The so-called “nature miracles” in particular – walking on water, stilling the storm, and feeding the multitudes – may well have been embellished and enhanced, not in the interests of historical reporting, but to say something profoundly “true” about Jesus’ identity as Son of God.

See Also: The First Biography of Jesus: Genre and Meaning in Mark's Gospel (Eerdmans, 2020).

By Helen K Bond
Professor of Christian Origins
Head of the School of Divinity
University of Edinburgh
September 2020
Cross-file under New Book.

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Marek, A Star from Jacob, a Sceptre from Israel

NEW BOOK FROM SHEFFIELD PHOENIX PRESS:
A Star from Jacob, a Sceptre from Israel
Balaam's Oracle as Rewritten Scripture in the Dead Sea Scrolls

Libor Marek

xii + 290 pp.

£35 / $48.75 / €40
Scholar's Price

£70 / $97.50 / €80
List Price
Hardback

The fourth Balaam oracle (Numbers 24.17-19) appears in four separate Dead Sea Scrolls. But how it is used and understood remains puzzling and challenging.

All four scrolls agree that the biblical text is a living artifact and endorse its authority. But they disagree on what it may mean to the audience of their own day. They adjust, rephrase and rework the biblical text according to their own needs and for the benefit of their audience.

Following the twists and turns in this process of interpretation and rewriting has two benefits: first, we become more sensitized to the complexity of the processes by which the scriptural text came into being and to the fact that this process did not have a clear-cut end in mind. Rather, it is thanks to a constant reworking of the scriptural text that it remains alive for its readers.

Second, in following closely the process of reinterpretation of this particular text we gain a better understanding of the world of Qumran, of the communication strategy of the Scrolls, and of some of their key theological concepts. In particular, Qumran beliefs about a messiah become more vividly tangible.

Series: Hebrew Bible Monographs, 88
978-1-910928-74-5 hardback
Publication September 2020

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Wednesday, September 30, 2020

Ancient mikveh removal service

ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE RELOCATED: 2,000-Year-Old Mikvah in Jezreel Valley Hoisted to Safe Location (David Israel, The Jewish Press).
According to the two Israeli Arab scientists [Abd Elghani Ibrahim and Dr. Walid Atrash], “the discovery of the mikvah in the farmstead changes what we knew about the lifestyle of the Jews in the Second Temple period. Until now, we hadn’t discovered Jewish farms in the Galilee. It was considered that the Jews in the Roman period didn’t live in farms outside the villages or towns. The discovery of the farmstead at some distance from the village of the Shikhin and the large Jewish town of Sepphoris (Zippori), shows that Jews also settled in farmsteads that perhaps functioned as the rural hinterland of Sepphoris.”
With video. It is good news that the IAA and Kibbutz Hannaton were able to raise the funding for the transport. Background here and here.

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How wide was an ancient jar opening?

MATERIAL CULTURE: Hebrew U: Modern Scans of Archaeological Finds May Show Traces of Original Dimensions of Biblical ‘Tefach’ (David Israel, The Jewish Press).

It makes sense that jar openings should have a standard size of one handbreadth. Who wants a jar your hand can't fit into?

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Sponsor a sifted coin

THE TEMPLE MOUNT SIFTING PROJECT BLOG: ADOPT A COIN!
In response, we have inaugurated a special “Adopt a Coin” campaign on our website. The donor can choose to adopt either one or more coins, and will cover the cost of the cleaning, the restoration and the analysis of the coin/s by a specialist in numismatics (the study of ancient coins). The donor will be recognized as the sponsor of the coin/s and receive ongoing updates regarding the status of his coin/s cleaning, restoration and research.
Sounds like a good cause.

For many past posts on the Sifting Project, start here and follow the links.

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Allen, Coptic: A Grammar of Its Six Major Dialects

NEW BOOK FROM EISENBRAUNS:
Coptic

A Grammar of Its Six Major Dialects


James P. Allen

Was: $59.95 Now: $35.97 | Hardcover Edition
ISBN: 978-1-64602-064-5

144 pages
7" × 10"
1 map
2020

Description
Coptic is the final stage of the ancient Egyptian language, written in an alphabet derived primarily from Greek instead of hieroglyphs. It borrows some vocabulary from ancient Greek, and it was used primarily for writing Christian scriptures and treatises. There is no uniform Coptic language, but rather six major dialects.

Unlike previous grammars that focus on just two of the Coptic dialects, this volume, written by senior Egyptologist James P. Allen, describes the grammar of the language in each of the six major dialects. It also includes exercises with an answer key, a chrestomathy, and an accompanying dictionary, making it suitable for teaching or self-guided learning as well as general reference.

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Tuesday, September 29, 2020

New article on the Rylands fragment of John (P52)

VARIANT READINGS: A New Article on P52 in New Testament Studies. P52 is that famous fragment of the Gospel of John that traditionally (and perhaps wrongly) has been dated to as early as the first half of the second century. Brent Nongbri has shown that there is still something left to say about the fragment by publishing an article on it in New Testament Studies.

Incidentally, I was there at that conference on the John Rylands Library collection in Manchester in 2014. I blogged on Dr Nongbri's paper.

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On Michael the Archangel

IS THAT IN THE BIBLE? Michael the Great Prince and Saviour of Israel (Paul Davidson).
In the New Testament, Christ is mankind’s divine mediator and intercessor, their high priest in the heavenly temple, the Holy One who sits at God’s right hand, and the saviour who descends to earth at the end of the age to vanquish Satan. But this multifaceted, cosmic identity wasn’t introduced by an itinerant Galilean preacher, nor did it originate with the teachings of the early apostles, for the notion of a divine saviour described in these terms was already widespread in Judaism before Christianity was born. He went by many names, but the one he was known by most often was Michael. In this article, I want to explore his development and his importance to both Judaism and Christianity.
Today, incidentally, is the feast day of St. Michael the Archangel.
Cupar War Memorial by Henry Snell Gamley
By Stephencdickson - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=41392963

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The Aqedah as hieros logos

PROF. RAMI ARAV: The Binding of Isaac, a Sacred Legend for the Jerusalem Temple. (TheTorah.com).
The Akedah (binding of Isaac) takes place on a mountain in the obscure land of Moriah. When a Judahite scribe later revised the story to have the angel of YHWH stop Abraham from killing his son, he connected Moriah with the Jerusalem Temple, thereby giving it a new hieros logos—a sacred founding legend, to compete with the northern worship site Beth-El.
For more PaleoJudaica posts on the Aqedah, see here and here and follow the links. For additional evidence, not mentioned in the current essay, that the Aqedah was originally part of the Elohistic source, see here.

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Conference on ancient Israel

PROF. LAWRENCE H. SCHIFFMAN: “THE LAND THAT I WILL SHOW YOU”: RECENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ANCIENT ISRAEL. An online public conference coming in late October. Details to follow, but follow the link for the current conference poster.

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Monday, September 28, 2020

A Yom Kippur poem by Yannai

PROF. RABBI LAURA LIEBER: Yom Kippur: Afflicted but Angelic (TheTorah.com).
Self-affliction and fasting heightens awareness of our bodies; at the same time, it helps us to transcend our immanent selves. This tension was embraced by the 6th century poet Yannai in his qerova, who beseaches God to forgive Israel both out of pity for their wretchedness and on account of their resemblance to angels.
Yom Kippur 2020 is today.

A qerova is a genre of piyyut poetry. For more on the poetry of Yannai, see here and here (also a brief mention here).

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Phoenician passion for purple

PHOENICIAN WATCH: Purple Reign: A passion for purple built the Phoenicians' vast trading empire. The seafaring Phoenicians controlled the Mediterranean market for a vibrant purple dye crafted from humble sea snails and craved by powerful kings (MARK WOOLMER, National Geographic).

A long, informative article. Murex shell dye was also used by the Israelites for the tekhelet dye. For more on the Phoenician and the Israelite uses of the dye, see here and links.

As I have noted in more detail here, I like to keep track of developments in Phoenician and Punic studies because the Phoenicians and Carthaginians shared a substrate of Canaanite language and culture with the Israelites. There shared use of the murex shell for cloth dye is one example of shared material culture.

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Upcoming Virtual Annual Bible and Archaeology Fest

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: 23rd Annual Bible and Archaeology Fest: Virtual for 2020. October 24 - 25, 2020 on zoom.

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More on those Syriac mosaics

EPIGRAPHY AND DECORATIVE ART: Archaeologists unearth stunning mosaics in ancient church in Turkey. Excavation begins for mosaics belonging to 1600-year-old church located in southeastern Mardin province (YeniṢafak). I noted the announcement of this discovery here. I don't see any new information in this article, but it does have a photo of a different mosaic at the site. I have not yet seen photos of the inscriptions.

Cross-file under Syriac Watch.

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Sunday, September 27, 2020

Yom Kippur 2020

YOM KIPPUR, the Day of Atonement, begins this evening at sundown. An easy and healthy fast to all those observing it.

Last year's post on Yom Kippur is here. For background and previous posts, follow the links from there. More recent posts are here, here, here, and here. Biblical etc. background is here.

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Review of Papantoniou et al. (eds.), Unlocking sacred landscapes

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: Unlocking sacred landscapes: spatial analysis of ritual and cult in the Mediterranean.
Giorgos Papantoniou, Christine Morris, Athanasios Vionis, Unlocking sacred landscapes: spatial analysis of ritual and cult in the Mediterranean. Studies in Mediterranean archaeology, 151. Nicosia: Astrom Editions, 2019. xviii, 279 p.. ISBN9789925745548 €68,00.

Review by
Jeremy McInerney, University of Pennsylvania. jmcinern@sas.upenn.edu

The experience of reading the volume edited by Papantoniou, Morris and Vionis is a little like being a carnivore at a vegan smorgasbord: the offerings are often excellent yet still leave one feeling vaguely unsatisfied. ...
This is a thoughful review, but the extended culinary metaphor is overdone.

There is a chapter on Idumean terracotta figurines and another on Phoenician and Punic funerary practices. Both receive detailed attention in the review.

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BRANE Collective PhD Showcase

THE AWOL BLOG: Bible and Religions of the Ancient Near East Collective: PhD Showcase.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Spielman, Jews and Entertainment in the Ancient World

NEW BOOK FROM MOHR SIEBECK: Loren R. Spielman. Jews and Entertainment in the Ancient World. 2020. IX, 311 pages. Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism 181. 134,00 € including VAT. cloth ISBN 978-3-16-155000-3.
Published in English.
Countering the traditional belief that Jews in antiquity were predominantly disinterested in the popular entertainments of the Greek and Roman world, Loren R. Spielman maps the varieties of Jewish engagement with theater, athletics, horse racing, gladiatorial, and beast shows in antiquity. The author argues that Jews from Hellenistic Alexandria to late antique Sepphoris enjoyed and exploited, or alternatively resisted and scorned, popular forms of public entertainment as they adapted to the political, social, and religious realities of imperial rule. Including references to ancient Jewish actors, athletes, promoters, and plays alongside analysis of rabbinic and other early Jewish critique of sport and spectacle, Loren R. Spielman describes the different ways that attitudes towards entertainment might have played a role in shaping ancient Jewish identity.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Saturday, September 26, 2020

Review of Weksler-Bdolah, Aelia Capitolina

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: Aelia Capitolina – Jerusalem in the Roman period: in light of archaeological research.
Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, Aelia Capitolina - Jerusalem in the Roman period: in light of archaeological research. Mnemosyne, supplements, 432. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2019. xxv, 244 p.. ISBN9789004407336 €106,00.

Review by
Jan Willem Drijvers, University of Groningen. j.w.drijvers@rug.nl
Excerpt:
This volume offers a very useful overview of the development and transformation of the urban landscape of Roman Jerusalem between 70 CE and c. 400 CE based on its archaeological remains. Questions remain, such as the function of the Temple Mount in the cityscape, and the relative absence of archaeological data for urban dwellings and pagan sanctuaries. Nevertheless, the archaeological vestiges laid bare in the last decades have added significantly to our knowledge of Roman Jerusalem and it is to be expected that in the future that knowledge will increase with new finds.
I have collected past PaleoJudaica posts on or involving Aelia Capitolina here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The New Testament Gospels in Manichaean Tradition (ed. Larsen & Leurini)

BIBLIOGRAPHIA IRANICA: The New Testament Gospels in Manichaean Tradition. Notice of a New Book: Pedersen, N. A. R. Falkenberg, J. M. Larsen & C. Leurini (eds.). 2020. The New Testament Gospels in Manichaean Tradition: The Sources in Syriac, Greek, Coptic, Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Bactrian, New Persian, and Arabic (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum: Series Biblia Manichaica, 2). Turnhout :Brepols.

Cross-file under Manichean Watch (Manichaean Watch).

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The full Gospel of Thomas

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: The Gospel of Thomas’s 114 Sayings of Jesus. If you don't have a full translation of the Gospel of Thomas in your personal library, be sure to bookmark this link.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Gruen, Ethnicity in the Ancient World

NEW BOOK FROM DE GRUYTER:
Erich S. Gruen

Ethnicity in the Ancient World – Did it matter?


De Gruyter | 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110685657

FROM £59.00

DETAILS
Language: English
Format: 23.0 x 15.5 cm
Pages Roman: XI
Pages Arabic: 265
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2020
Keywords: Ancient Near East; Greeks; Romans; Jews

FORMATS
Hardcover
ISBN: 978-3-11-068478-0
Published: 21 Sep 2020

PDF
ISBN: 978-3-11-068565-7
Published: 21 Sep 2020

EPUB
ISBN: 978-3-11-068580-0
Published: 21 Sep 2020

OVERVIEW
This study raises that difficult and complicated question on a broad front, taking into account the expressions and attitudes of a wide variety of Greek, Roman, Jewish, and early Christian sources, including Herodotus, Polybius, Cicero, Philo, and Paul. It approaches the topic of ethnicity through the lenses of the ancients themselves rather than through the imposition of modern categories, labels, and frameworks. A central issue guides the course of the work: did ancient writers reflect upon collective identity as determined by common origins and lineage or by shared traditions and culture?

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Friday, September 25, 2020

Jews under Byzantine rule

HISTORY: How did Jews get by under Byzantine rule? A look at surprising Jewish pastimes in past times (Alex Winston, Jerusalem Post). An interview with "Professor Oded Irshai of the Hebrew University’s Department of Jewish History and Contemporary Jewry." Excerpt:
In 553 CE the Emperor Justinian forbade the use and study of the Mishna, known as the Oral Torah, leading to Jewish scholars to compose piyutim, the liturgical poems used in religious services and a major part of the High Holy Days’ services. As the focus of Byzantine Palestine moved toward Christianity from Judaism, the center of world Jewry gradually switched from Judea to Babylon, which had the largest Jewish community in the Diaspora and it was there the Babylonian Talmud was composed. The land of Israel would not return as Judaism’s major religious center (although it would always remain a central tenant in prayer) until the 20th century.

Jerusalem and the Holy Land also fell to the Persian Sassanians and then to the Muslims in the early 7th century, marking the end of Byzantine Palestine, leaving only a diaspora of communities dotted throughout the Eastern Mediterranean.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The scapegoat and the crimson thread

YOM KIPPUR IS COMING: Scapegoat: The Origins of the Crimson Thread (Dr.Noga Ayali-Darshan, TheTorah.com).
During the Second Temple period, the scapegoat was tied with a crimson thread. While the Torah requires a crimson thread as part of the purification ritual for tzaraʿat (skin disease), it does not mention it by the scapegoat. Nevertheless, parallel practices found in 2nd millennium B.C.E. Hittite texts of Luwian origin imply that the use of a crimson thread is not a late innovation but an ancient part of the rite.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The masthead from a late-antique shipwreck

MARINE ARCHAEOLOGY: Rare masthead from ancient shipwreck found in northern Israel. Each artifact yielded information which can help unravel mysteries of this era (Hannah Brown, Jerusalem Post).
A masthead found in a shipwreck off northern Israel sheds light on sailing and shipbuilding during the Late Antiquity period, according to a paper just published in the International Journal of Nautical Archaeology.

Maayan Cohen, a PhD candidate at the department of maritime civilizations at the University of Haifa, and Dr. Deborah Cvikel, a researcher at the Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies and a senior lecturer at the department of maritime civilizations – both at the University of Haifa – are the authors of the paper, titled, “Rigging of the Ma’agan Mikhael B shipwreck (7th–8th centuries AD): new finds.”

[...]
For more on the Ma’agan Mikhael B shipwreck see here. And follow the links from there for more posts on marine (maritime, underwater) archaeology and on the archaeology of ancient shipwrecks.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

HB/JS job at UBC

ACADEMIC POST: Hebrew Bible and Jewish Studies (Assistant Professor, tenure-track).
The Department of Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies at The University of British Columbia, Vancouver campus invites applications for a tenure-track position at the rank of Assistant Professor in Hebrew Bible and Jewish Studies to commence July 1, 2021. We seek a candidate who specializes in Hebrew Bible within its Iron Age or Persian Period contexts (i.e. pre-Hellenistic era), and demonstrates knowledge of the reception of the Hebrew Bible in later Jewish traditions. ...
Follow the link for further particulars and application information. "The deadline for the receipt of applications and reference letters is Oct 31st, 2020."

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Thursday, September 24, 2020

More Syriac manuscripts recovered in Iraq

APPREHENDED: Iraq: dozens of Christian manuscripts stolen by ISIS recovered in Mosul. The historical artefacts were stolen from a church and hidden in the kitchen of a suspected ISIS member (Mina Aldroubi, The National).
Dozens of hidden Syriac manuscripts were recovered by Iraqi security forces late on Tuesday following the arrest of a suspected ISIS member in the northern Nineveh governorate.

The manuscripts were stolen from Assyrian churches in Mosul after the city became the extremist group's de facto capital in the country between 2014 and 2017.

[...]
No word on the contents of the manuscripts. The photo indicates that they are bound books and the bindings look recent. That doesn't necessarily tell us much about the manuscripts, though.

Cross-file under Syriac Watch. Some related stories are here and here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (ed. Novenson)

NEW BOOK FROM BRILL:
Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity

Series: Novum Testamentum, Supplements, Volume: 180
Editor: Matthew V. Novenson

In Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity, Matthew V. Novenson brings together thirteen state-of-the-art essays by leading scholars on the various ways ancient Jewish, Christian, and classical writers conceive of God, Christ, Wisdom, the demiurge, angels, foreign gods, and other divine beings. In particular, the book revisits the “early high Christology” debates of the 1990s, identifying the lasting contributions thereof as well as the lingering difficulties and new, emerging questions from the last thirty years of research. The essays in this book probe the much-touted but under-theorized distinctions between monotheism and polytheism, Judaism and Hellenism, Christianity and paganism. They show how what we call monotheism and Christology fit within the Greco-Roman world of which they are part.

Prices from (excl. VAT): €124.00

E-Book (PDF)
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-43808-8
Publication Date: 25 Aug 2020
Hardback
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-43797-5
Publication Date: 20 Aug 2020
Back in 1999 I co-edited a volume on much the same theme: The Jewish Roots of Christological Monotheism: Papers from the St Andrews Conference on the Historical Origins of the Worship of Jesus (ed. Davila, Newman, Lewis. Brill). It was reprinted by Baylor University Press in 2017.

Many of the same contributors have essays in Professor Novenson's book. If you want to find out what's been happening in the subsequent couple of decades, it looks like the place to go.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Aelia Capitolina

HERITAGE DAILY: Aelia Capitolina – Roman Jerusalem. A historical survey, with archaeological etc. photos.

Aelia Capitolina was the Roman city founded on the ruins of the Second Temp-era city by the emperor Hadrian. Its founding was probably a precipitating factor for the Bar Kokhba revolt.

Some past PaleoJudaica posts on or involving Aelia Capitolina are here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, and here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

BAJS Annual Book Prize 2020 and 2021

THE BAJS Annual Book Prize has announced that it is opening soon.
BAJS is pleased to announce that the 2021 BAJS Book Prize competition will open shortly. The book prize initiative was launched by BAJS in 2018 to recognise and promote outstanding scholarship in the field of Jewish Studies. We will be inviting submissions focused on topics relating to the early modern or modern period. Volumes with a copyright date of 2019 or after will be eligible. Details of the competition will be announced later in 2020.
The current topic range is not of interest to PaleoJudaica, but I include it for information.

You have to read pretty far into the announcement to get to the 2020 winners:
  • Dr Lindsey Askin (University of Bristol), for Scribal Culture in Ben Sira published with Brill in 2018. Full details about the book are available here.
  • Professor Sacha Stern (University College London), for The Jewish Calendar Controversy of 921/2 CE published with Brill in 2019. Full details about the book are available here.
Congratulations to both winners!

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Wednesday, September 23, 2020

Late-antique Syriac mosaics excavated in Turkey church

EPIGRAPHY AND DECORATIVE ART: Mosaics in ancient church in southeastern Turkey unearthed (Daily Sabah). The church was reportedly built at the end of the fourth century.
The base of the church is inscribed with nine lines of Estrangelo, or Ancient Syriac, script, Tarkan said. "The mosaics also show depictions of animals, geometric shapes and human figures, as well as scenes depicting people hunting," he said. "The months of April and June are also inscribed on the human figures.”
There is a photo at the link.

Cross-file under Syriac Watch.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The Masorah of the (printed ed.) Cairo Codex of the Prophets

ANCIENT JEW REVIEW: Introduction to the Masorah | The Masorah of the Cairo Codex of the Prophets in Perez-Castro's Printed Edition (David DeLauro).

This is part four in the series. I noted part one here, part two here, and part three here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Sogdian publications

BIBLIOGRAPHIA IRANICA: Publications on Sogdian. For the Sogdian language and why PaleoJudaica cares about it, see here. For past posts on Sogdian, see there and links and here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Dahlén (ed.), Achaemenid Anatolia (open-access book)

THE AWOL BLOG: Achaemenid Anatolia: Persian Presence and Impact in the Western Satrapies 546–330 BC. Proceedings of an International Symposium at the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, 7–8 September 2017.

I recently noted a book on the Achaemenid Empire in Egypt here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Tuesday, September 22, 2020

Boccaccini, Paul’s Three Paths to Salvation

NEW BOOK FROM EERDMANS:
Paul’s Three Paths to Salvation

Gabriele Boccaccini
Foreword by David Bentley Hart

HARDCOVER; Coming Soon: 9/29/2020
ISBN: 978-0-8028-3921-3
Price: $ 30.00
200 Pages
Trim Size, in inches: 6 x 9

DESCRIPTION
“We no longer need to separate Paul from Judaism in order to claim his Christianness,” writes Gabriele Boccaccini, adding, “nor do we need to separate him from the early Jesus movement in order to state his Jewishness.” With this guiding principle Boccaccini unpacks the implications of Paul’s “belonging” simultaneously to Judaism and Christianity to arrive at the surprising and provocative conclusion that there are in fact three means of salvation:
  • For Jews, adherence to Torah.
  • For gentiles, good works according to conscience and natural law.
  • For all sinners, forgiveness through faith in Jesus Christ.
Paul’s Three Paths to Salvation is an attempt to reconcile the many facets of Paul’s complex identity while reclaiming him from accusations of intolerance, and Boccaccini’s work in reestablishing the figure of Paul as a messenger of God’s Mercy to the sinners is an important contribution to the ongoing conversation about Paul’s place in the contemporary pluralistic world.

"I find much to admire in Gabriele Boccaccini's attempt to reconstruct Paul's own vision of salvation ... This is a splendid and necessary book." (David Bentley Hart, from the Foreword)

"Thanks in large part to the efforts of Gabriele Boccaccini, New Testament scholarship today is busy interpreting Paul within Second Temple Judaism. The interesting work is now in details: sorting out which features of traditional interpretations can stand and which need to be revised or jettisoned. In this fascinating book, Boccaccini threads this needle in his own inimitable way. Anyone interested in the Paul-within-Judaism debates really must read this book." (Matthew V. Novenson, University of Edinburgh)

"Gabriele Boccaccini's expertise in Second Temple Jewish apocalypticism, Enochic traditions in particular, combined with a commitment to read Paul within Judaism, warrants reconsideration of the potential relevance of 'salvation' in Paul's texts for both Christian and Jewish research." (Mark D. Nanos, University of Kansas)

"In this very accessible book, Boccaccini opens up a fresh angle for discussions on Paul. His wide knowledge of Second Temple Judaism and his focus on Enochic traditions helps to overcome the impasses of the current debate of 'Paul within Judaism.' He wisely avoids any ideological one-sidedness and helps to perceive the tensions in Paul's thought." (Jörg Frey, University of Zurich)

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Wizard battles and demon circles in MNTA2

NEW TESTAMENT APOCRYPHA WATCH: Wizard battles and demon circles revealed in newly translated Christian texts (Owen Jarus, Live Science). Mr. Jarus summarizes three of the texts newly translated in More New Testament Apocrypha volume 2, edited by Tony Burke.

Reviews and background are here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

"Passion" sequel is still on

CINEMA FRANCHISE RESURRECTION: 'Passion of the Christ' sequel still in development as Jim Caviezel teases 'the biggest film in world history' (Tom Butler, Yahoo News). Caviezel is still on to play Jesus. This sequel has been in the works since 2016, so no one seems to be in a hurry.

Background here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Chicago Assyrian Dictionary online

THE AWOL BLOG: The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD).

The CAD was completed in 2011. For past posts on it, see here and links. Now the whole thing is available for free online. For you, special deal!

For other online Akkadian dictionaries, see here and here. And for why Akkadian still matters, see here and here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Monday, September 21, 2020

Review of Thavapalan, The meaning of color in ancient Mesopotamia

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: The meaning of color in ancient Mesopotamia.
Shiyanthi Thavapalan, The meaning of color in ancient Mesopotamia. Culture and history of the ancient Near East, 104. Leiden: Brill, 2019. 524 p.. ISBN9789004415379 €163,00.

Review by
Ulrike Steinert, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz. usteiner@uni-mainz.de

[...]

In conclusion, The Meaning of Color in Ancient Mesopotamia is a ground-breaking, methodologically innovative, and insightful work. It makes an important contribution to the fields of color studies, historical semantics, and to the history of technologies, enriching our current understanding of Mesopotamian worldviews, languages and material culture. The book will be a valuable resource not only to Assyriologists, but, due to its comparative perspective, also to historians, linguists, and readers interested in the interrelations between language, thought, and culture.
For more on language and color perception in antiquity, see here and links. And for recovering the original color on an ancient monument, see here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

An old DSS documentary

VARIANT READINGS: Mr. Spock and Qumran. Brent Nongbri has come upon an old documentary on the Dead Sea Scrolls with you-know-who narrating.

Some sort of related posts are here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The Masorah of MS BH MSS1

ANCIENT JEW REVIEW: Introduction to the Masorah | Editing the Masorah of the Manuscript BH MSS1 (Madrid, Complutensian Library) (Elvira Martín-Contreras).

This is part three in the series. I noted part one here and part two here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Abraham in Jewish and Early Christian Literature (ed. Adams & Domoney-Lyttle)

THE AWOL BLOG: Abraham in Jewish and Early Christian Literature. An open-access book from Bloomsbury/T&T Clark:

Abraham in Jewish and Early Christian Literature
Sean A. Adams and Zanne Domoney-Lyttle (eds)
T&T Clark 2019

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Sunday, September 20, 2020

Archaeological gardens in Israel

EXHIBITIONS: Post-lockdown field trip? Visit some of Israel’s (320!) archaeological gardens. Free historical sites nationwide, open to the public at all hours, feature Roman-era marble artifacts, ancient sarcophagi, farming implements, Crusader ruins and more (AVIVA AND SHMUEL BAR-AM, Times of Israel).

It may be a while before "post-lockdown," but these sites are certainly worth keeping in mind.

Past posts on archaeological gardens in Israel, including Givat Yeshayahu are here and links. I also noted the Ashkelon exhibition here and the one in the Old City of Jerusalem here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Review of Goulet-Cazé, Cynicism and Christianity in antiquity

BRYN MAYR CLASSICAL REVIEW: Cynicism and Christianity in antiquity.
Marie-Odile Goulet-Cazé, Cynicism and Christianity in antiquity. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing, 2019. xvii, 278 p.. ISBN9780802875556 $75.00.

Review by
Etienne Helmer, University of Puerto Rico. etiennehelmer@hotmail.fr

This English version of Dr. Marie-Odile Goulet-Cazé’s French book[1] is a scholarly monument on the complex relationships between Cynicism and Christianity—and Judaism as well—in Antiquity. It aims at determining the possible impact of Cynicism on Christianity since the early Jesus movement, as one of its earliest literary artifacts known as the Q Gospel source—a hypothetical collection of alleged Jesus’s sayings assembled after his death—as well as apparent close similarities in their ways of life. ...

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Abusch, Essays on Babylonian and Biblical Literature and Religion

NEW BOOK FROM BRILL:
Essays on Babylonian and Biblical Literature and Religion

Series: Harvard Semitic Studies, Volume: 65
Author: Tzvi Abusch

In this volume, I. Tzvi Abusch presents studies written over a span of forty years prior to his retirement from Brandeis University in 2019. They reflect several themes that he has pursued in addition to his work on witchcraft literature and the Epic of Gilgamesh. Part 1 includes general articles on Mesopotamian magic, religion, and mythology, followed by a set of articles on Akkadian prayers, especially šuillas, focusing on exegetical and linguistic (synchronic) studies and on diachronic analyses. Part 2 contains a series of literary studies of Mesopotamian and biblical classics. Part 3 is devoted to comparative studies of terms and phenomena. Part 4 examines legal texts.

The Harvard Semitic Studies series publishes volumes from the Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East. Other series offered by Brill that publish volumes from the Museum include Studies in the Archaeology and History of the Levant and Harvard Semitic Monographs, https://hmane.harvard.edu/publications.

Prices from (excl. VAT): €240.00

E-Book (PDF)
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-43518-6
Publication Date: 31 Aug 2020

Hardback
Availability: Published
ISBN: 978-90-04-43517-9
Publication Date: 03 Sep 2020

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Fakes and Forgeries of Written Artefacts

THE AWOL BLOG: Fakes and Forgeries of Written Artefacts from Ancient Mesopotamia to Modern China. A forthcoming open-access book from De Gruyter, edited by Cécile Michel and Michael Friedrich. The topic is evergreen.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Saturday, September 19, 2020

Archaeologically authentic opera

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: Actual Palace of Herod Antipas Stars in Opera. An authentic section of Machaerus is part of set design for staging of biblically-themed opera (Jonathan Laden).

The opera is Strauss's Salome. This is the first time I can remember hearing of a performance, although I did once note a graphic novel based on it. The opera is based on Wilde's play of the same name. I have noted adaptations and performances of it here and links.

For more on Machaerus, the reputed site of John the Baptist's beheading, see here and here and links.

Cross-file unde Stagecraft and Ancient Architecture.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

The Masorah of the Leningrad Codex in BHS

ANCIENT JEW REVIEW: Introduction to the Masorah | The Masorah of the Leningrad Codex in the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) Edition (Daniel Mynatt).
Ancient Jew Review is pleased to host this panel, first presented at SBL 2019 in San Diego as “ A Beginner's Guide to the Masorahs of Four Great Early Manuscripts as Represented in Recent Printed Editions.”
This is part two of what sounds like a four-part series. I noted part one here. Past posts on the Leningrad Codex are here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Wagner-Durand & Linke (eds.), Tales of Royalty

NEW BOOK FROM DE GRUYTER:
Tales of Royalty
Notions of Kingship in Visual and Textual Narration in the Ancient Near East


Edited by: Elisabeth Wagner-Durand and Julia Linke
De Gruyter | 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501506895

Language: English, German
Format: 23.0 x 15.5 cm
Pages Arabic: 325
Illustrations BW: 31
Illustrations Color: 19
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2020

FORMATS
Hardcover
ISBN: 978-1-5015-1555-2
Published: 20 Jul 2020
PDF
ISBN: 978-1-5015-0689-5
Published: 20 Jul 2020
EPUB
ISBN: 978-1-5015-0685-7
Published: 20 Jul 2020

OVERVIEW
The volume sheds light on Ancient Near Eastern kingship by focusing on its constant urge for legitimation. Thus, it highlights specific aspects like royal building activities, warfare and wisdom and frames these into material and textual expressions that take the powerful form of narratives.

The contributions made in this volume look for specific topoi of kingship and examine which shapes they took and why. The publication determines which narrative topoi have once been selected to legitimize kingship, which media have been chosen to transmit these narratives, and what kind of narrative strategies have been applied. To consider both, texts and images, in the same margin, the book is based on a dual approach: referring to certain narrative themes both philological and archaeological material will be presented.

By joining diverse perspectives of scholars of material culture and texts and their various approaches the publication promises new and special insight into the connection of narration and legitimation in Mesopotamia. It reflects Ancient Near Eastern kingship and its narrative strategies from a interdisciplinary and transmedial point of view and gives new insights into the matter of royal legitimation.
The ToC lists no articles specific to ancient Israel, although ancient Aramean kingship is represented. But many of the issues covered (legitimation, shepherd imagery, righteousness, building activities, martial valor, etc.) are of obvious background interest for Israelite kingship.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

What does holy and treasured mean?

DR. RABBI MICHAEL MARMUR: Israel, God’s Chosen People? (TheTorah.com).
In Deuteronomy, YHWH chooses Israel to be his holy (kadosh) and treasured (segulah) people. What does this mean in its original context, and can it be reconciled with contemporary universalist notions?

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Friday, September 18, 2020

Rosh HaShanah 2020

HAPPY NEW YEAR (ROSH HASHANAH - Jewish New Year 5781) to all those celebrating. The New Year begins tonight at sundown. Stay safe!

Last year's Rosh HaShanah post, with links, is here. A subsequent post (yesterday) is here. For biblical background, see here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Pagan imagery in late-antique synagogues

DECORATIVE ART: The Metamorphosis of the Sun God in Ancient Synagogues in Israel. What are the zodiac and other images doing in those bastions of monotheism? The answer lies in a Judaism we don’t know anymore (Elon Gilad and Ruth Schuster, Haaretz premium).
To return to the metaphor of the dinosaurs and the tiny furry animals from which we evolved, we could say that Hellenistic Judaism with its zodiac mosaics was like the dinosaurs: great at the time but destined to go extinct – in the calamitous Early Middle Ages. It was the small, at the time almost imperceptible, Rabbinic Judaism that survived these disasters and became the Judaism of later periods, much like the rodents that survived the dinosaur-killing disaster from which we eventually evolved.
The article offers a high-flyover overview of the development of Greco-Roman and late-antique Judaism, as summarized in the quoted paragraph. I don't necessarily endorse everything in the article. I have no opinion about some parts. But the general idea is sound.

For PaleoJudaica posts on ancient synagogue zodiac mosaics and related matters, see here and links. The late antique Hebrew magical tractate, Sefer HaRazim (the Book of the Mysteries) contains much literary evidence for what this article calls "Hellenistic Judaism." For posts on the Mithras cult (Mithraism), see here and links. And posts involving those elusive god-fearers (godfearers, god fearers) are here and here.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Ancient inkwell discovered at Gush Etzion

ARTIFACT: 2nd Temple era inkwell found in Gush Etzion. Archaeological find strengthens hypothesis of high literacy rates among population of 2nd Temple era Judea (Arutz Sheva).

Ancient inkwells show up from time to time on the antiquities market, for example, currently, here. And a number of them were excavated at Qumran. There is also one in the Schøyen Collection (cf here) that is reportedly from Qumran. It is good to have another one from a controlled excavation. I hope they find some ink traces in it for analysis.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Superheroes

BIBLE HISTORY DAILY: Superheroes of Old. Heroic tales from the Bible to today (John Drummond). This BHD essay summarizes an article by Nicholaus Pumphrey in the current issue of BAR. But the essay itself has some interesting thoughts.

Some potentially related posts about Jesus, Superman, etc., are here and here and links.

Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world.

Thursday, September 17, 2020

The early Rosh HaShanah

PROF. KAREL VAN DER TOORN: Rosh Hashanah with the Early Israelites (TheTorah.com).
The New Year was celebrated on the festival of ingathering of grapes, accompanied by a sacrificial meal and wine. YHWH was declared to be Israel’s king and judge, and his presence, as it was manifest in the ark, was paraded before the Israelites by the king.
Rosh HaShanah begins at sundown tomorrow evening. This essay is the best overview discussion of its historical and cultic background that I have ever seen.

I have posted here and here (cf. here) some speculations about the relationship of Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement) to the original autumnal New Year celebration. Professor van der Toorn does not discuss that question, but much of what he says here could be used to support my ideas. That's not to say that he would agree with me. I don't know his view.

For past posts on Rosh HaShanah, see here and links. For past posts on the Gezer calendar, see here and links. For God's ritual enthronement and the New Year, see here. For lots of past posts on the fascinating Demotic-Aramaic-Canaanite Papyrus Amherst 63 (many involving the work of Professor van der Toorn) see here and links.

Also, Haaretz has reprinted Elon Gilad's article on Rosh HaShanah from a few years ago: The History of Rosh Hashanah Which Wasn't Always the 'New Year.' Much of today's traditions originated with Babylonian worship, and you have to read this to believe how a calf's head morphed into gefilte fish. I noted its original publication here. It's a good overview of the biblical and Talmudic evidence for Rosh HaShanah, with some attention to subsequent developments.

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Dinars and Dirhams - numismatic Bates Festschrift

BIBLIOGRAPHIA IRANICA: Dinars and Dirhams. Notice of a New Book: Daryaee, Touraj, Judith A. Lerner & Virginie C. Rey (eds.). 2020. Dinars and Dirhams: Festschrift in Honor of Michael L. Bates. Irvine: Jordan Center for Persian Studies.

Follow the link for description and TOC. There is no link to a site for ordering.

The focus is Islamic numismatics. But there is some attention to Nabatean coins and ancient Iranian stamp seals.

Cross-file under Nabatean (Nabataean) Watch.

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More on that Phoenician wine press

PHOENICIAN WATCH: 2,600-year-old Phoenician winery discovered on Lebanese coast. The site itself was well-preserved, offering a window into the past, showing exactly how the ancient Phoenicians cultivated and traded wine in antiquity (Zachary Keyser, Jerusalem Post).

This article summarizes the National Geographic story and supplements it with some information about wines in the Talmud.

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Pietsch & Rösel (eds.), Hebräisch (5th ed.)

NEW BOOK FROM DE GRUYTER:
Hebräisch
Hebrew: Instruction in Biblical Hebrew Grammar

Biblisch-Hebräische Unterrichtsgrammatik


Edited by: Michael Pietsch and Martin Rösel
De Gruyter | 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110697377

Edition: 5th improved edition
Language: German
Format: 23.0 x 15.5 cm
Pages Roman: XXII
Pages Arabic: 376
Publisher: De Gruyter
Year: 2020

FORMATS
Paperback
ISBN: 978-3-11-069483-3
Published: 07 Sep 2020
PDF
ISBN: 978-3-11-069737-7
Published: 07 Sep 2020

OVERVIEW
This book is designed as an accompanying textbook for Hebrew instruction. It provides the student the greatest number of options for selecting and applying different teaching methods. The student's tasks of learning, looking up words, and reviewing are expedited through clear organization of the learning material. The work has a consistent two-color design, making unusual features easier to remember.

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Wednesday, September 16, 2020

Friedman reviews Sabar, Veritas

ANOTHER REVIEW: The Professor and the Con Man (Matti Friedman, Jewish Review of Books).

Background on Ariel Sabar's book, Veritas, and on the whole sad saga of the Gospel of Jesus' Wife forgery, see here and just keep following those links.

Mr. Friedman alludes to his own investigative work on the Aleppo Codex. Background on his book and his other work is here (cf. here) and links.

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Don't pick a fight with an elephant

REGICIDE FAIL: THE WEIRDEST DEATHS FROM ANCIENT HISTORY (S. FLANNAGAN, Grunge). Some pretty weird deaths are involved here, but the one that caught my eye is that of "Eleazar Avaran and the Elephant." Eleazar was a younger brother of Judah the Maccabee. His death at the battle of Beth-Zechariah is recounted in 1 Maccabees 6:43-47:
43 Now Eleazar, called Avaran, saw that one of the animals was equipped with royal armor. It was taller than all the others, and he supposed that the king was on it. 44 So he gave his life to save his people and to win for himself an everlasting name. 45 He courageously ran into the midst of the phalanx to reach it; he killed men right and left, and they parted before him on both sides. 46 He got under the elephant, stabbed it from beneath, and killed it; but it fell to the ground upon him and he died. 47 When the Jews[m] saw the royal might and the fierce attack of the forces, they turned away in flight. (NRSV)
Unfortunately for Eleazar, it turned out that King Antiochus V was not riding the elephant he attacked.

As I've mentioned before, Grunge is coming up with some pretty good popular articles on ancient history.

Beyond that, a safety tip: do not attack elephants! You are more likely to end up like Eleazar than Legolas.

By Phillip Medhurst - Photo by Harry Kossuth, FAL, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7606788


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Who were the wood choppers and water drawers?

DR. WENDY LOVE ANDERSON: Israel’s Wood Choppers and Water Drawers (TheTorah.com).
Moses extends the covenant to all of Israel, “from the hewer of your wood to the drawer of your water” (Deut 29). The midrash connects this group with the Gibeonites of Joshua 9, creating an anachronism which later rabbinic commentators try to resolve.

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Tuesday, September 15, 2020

Petra once more

NABATEAN (NABATAEAN) WATCH: Petra lost and found. In the early 1800s, a Swiss explorer tricked his way into Petra, the ancient oasis whose location had been a closely guarded secret for centuries (CRUZ SÁNCHEZ, National Geographic).

We've seen lots of of travel/history pieces on the ancient Nabatean city of Petra. But there's always room for one more. This is a good one!

(By Al_Khazneh_Petra.jpg: Graham Racher from London, UKderivative work: MrPanyGoff - Al_Khazneh_Petra.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14686572)

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De Gruyter's Handbook of Stemmatology

THE ETC BLOG: New Open Access Handbook of Stemmatology (Peter Gurry). For the textual critics among you.

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The Masorah of Biblia Hebraica Quinta

ANCIENT JEW REVIEW: Introduction to the Masorah | The Masorah of Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) (David Marcus).
Ancient Jew Review is pleased to host this panel, first presented at SBL 2019 in San Diego as “ A Beginner's Guide to the Masorahs of Four Great Early Manuscripts as Represented in Recent Printed Editions.”

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Vintage Phoenicians

PHOENICIAN WATCH: 2,600-year-old wine ‘factory’ unearthed in Lebanon. The oldest press found in the country was used by ancient Phoenicians to manufacture vintages once adored around the Mediterranean (TOM METCALFE, National Geographic). The link to the underlying article in the journal Antiquity is bad. But this seems to be the article:
Phoenician lime for Phoenician wine: Iron Age plaster from a wine press at Tell el-Burak, Lebanon

Adriano Orsingher (a1), Silvia Amicone (a2), Jens Kamlah (a1), Hélène Sader (a3) ...
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2020.4Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 September 2020
It looks as though you can access the article from Cambridge Core for free.

Lots of ancient wine presses have been found in Israel. I have linked to stories about many of them. Run "wine press" through the search engine to access them.

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